Java Operators

In Java, an operator is a symbol that performs a specific operation on one or more operands (which can be values or variables). Java operators are grouped into several categories:

Arithmetic Operators

Arithmetic operators are used for basic mathematical operations like addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division.

Operator	Description	Example
+	Addition	a + b
-	Subtraction	a - b
*	Multiplication	a * b
/	Division	a / b
%	Modulus	a % b

Assignment Operators

Assignment operators are used to assign values to variables.

Operator	Description	Example
=	Simple Assignment	a = 5
+=	Add and Assign	a += 5
-=	Subtract and Assign	a -= 3
*=	Multiply and Assign	a *= 2
/=	Divide and Assign	a /= 2
%=	Modulus and Assign	a %= 2

Relational Operators

Relational operators compare two values and return a boolean result (true or false).

Operator	Description	Example
==	Equal to	a == b
!=	Not equal to	a != b
>	Greater than	a > b
<	Less than	a < b
>=	Greater than or equal to	a >= b
<=	Less than or equal to	a <= b

Logical Operators

Logical operators combine boolean expressions.

Operator	Description	Example
&&	Logical AND	a && b
||	Logical OR	a || b
!	Logical NOT	!a

Increment and Decrement Operators

These operators increase or decrease the value of a variable by one.

Operator	Description	Example
++	Increment	a++ or ++a
--	Decrement	a-- or --a

Bitwise Operators

These operators work at the bit level on integers.

Operator	Description	Example
&	Bitwise AND	a & b
|	Bitwise OR	a | b
^	Bitwise XOR	a ^ b
~	Bitwise NOT	~a
<<	Left Shift	a << 2
>>	Right Shift	a >> 2
>>>	Unsigned Right Shift	a >>> 2

Ternary Conditional Operator

The ternary operator provides a shorthand way to express a condition.

Operator	Description	Example
?:	Ternary Operator	(a > b) ? a : b

Type Casting Operators

Type casting operators are used to convert one data type into another.

Operator	Description	Example
(type)	Explicit Cast	(int) a

These are the core operators in Java, widely used to manipulate data and control the flow of a program.