Python's Built-in Classes

Python, inherently, comes with a robust set of built-in classes, always ready to serve any coding need.

So, what does 'built-in' mean? The term 'built-in' signifies that these classes are available without the need for importing external libraries or modules. They are inherent to the Python interpreter itself.

Here are a few examples:

• int
  This is the class utilized for representing an integer.

  x = int(7)
  print(x)

  Output

  7

• float
  This class is used to represent a floating-point number.

  x = float(7.3)
  print(x)

  Output

  7.3

• str
  This class is deployed for representing a string of characters.

  x = str("Hello, World!")
  print(x)

  Output

  Hello, World!

• list
  This is the class used to represent a list of elements. A list can contain elements of any type.

  x = list([1, 2, 3, 4, 5])
  print(x)

  Output

  [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]

• tuple
  This class is for representing a tuple, which is similar to a list but is immutable.

  x = tuple((1, 2, 3, 4, 5))
  print(x)

  Output

  (1, 2, 3, 4, 5)

• dict
  This class is employed for representing a dictionary, which is a collection of key-value pairs.

  x = dict({"name": "John", "age": 30})
  print(x)

  Output

  {'name': 'John', 'age': 30}

• set
  This class is used to represent a set, which is a collection of unique elements.

  x = set([1, 2, 3, 1, 2])
  print(x)

  Output

  {1, 2, 3}

• bool
  This class is used to represent a boolean value, which can either be True or False.

  x = bool(1)
  print(x)

  Output

  True

• complex
  This is the class for representing a complex number.

  x = complex(1, 2)
  print(x)

  Output

  (1+2j)

• bytes
  This class is used to represent a sequence of bytes.

  x = bytes(5)
  print(x)

  Output

  b'\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00'

• bytearray
  This class is used to represent a mutable byte sequence.

  x = bytearray(5)
  print(x)

  Output

  bytearray(b'\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00')

• range
  This is the class used to represent a sequence of numbers.

  x = range(5)
  print(list(x))

  Output

  [0, 1, 2, 3, 4]

Python doesn't stop here, though. It also includes a variety of other built-in classes, such as object, type, super, etc.

These classes form the cornerstone of Python's object-oriented programming approach, showcasing the language's depth and versatility.